HbA1c and leukocyte mtDNA levels as major factors associated with post-COVID-19 syndrome in type 2 diabetes patients

This study explores the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels, HbA1c, and post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Researchers found that lower mtDNA levels and higher HbA1c were key factors associated with PCS development. Using a gradient boosting machine (GBM) model, they identified these biomarkers as significant predictors of PCS, independent of COVID-19 severity or treatment received. The findings suggest a link between mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and PCS in T2D patients.

Takeaways:

1. Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is a significant health concern for T2D patients, persisting for up to six months after infection.
2. Lower leukocyte mtDNA levels were observed in T2D patients with PCS compared to those without PCS.
3. HbA1c and mtDNA were the strongest independent predictors of PCS development.
4. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in PCS, potentially through inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage.
5. SARS-CoV-2 can impair mitochondrial function, leading to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
6. A machine learning model (GBM) identified HbA1c and mtDNA as the most influential factors in PCS prediction.
7. These findings highlight the importance of mitochondrial health and metabolic control in managing PCS risk in T2D patients.